writings: the diaries
of otto dix
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I have been offered a teaching job.

This is something I said I would never do. Why? Because I dont  think
you can teach and paint. Teaching is like anything else: you have to
put something into it to get something out of it. I have only so much
energy  at my disposal which I prefer to apply to my work.

Also: A good teacher has patience.  This is a gene nowhere apparent
at my birth. My father is the worlds most impatient human being. I
once saw him enter a pharmacy to buy aspirin and--discovering an
actual
line of 3 people--which was 3 too many--he exited the pharmacy and
walked down the street and into a
jewelry store and bought a gold watch.

Why did he do this?.  Because he needed to kill some time  until the
line at the pharmacy disappeared and buying a gold watch was the
thing that occurred to him.

But I am in a spot. I need a job. I have no money. I live like a
student. Its OK when you are a student. But I am 33. At 33 I still dont
know from one month to the next whether I will be making the rent. It
wears you down.

It is difficult to work under these conditions. The one thing you need as
an artist is peace of mind. I am ready for a little security and some
small comforts of life.

The institution is the Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden. This is a good
school. It has a distinguished history. Its so distinguished I cant recall
a single decent painter who studied
there.  Maybe Bocklin.

But this is a quibble. I was recommended by Max Hermann-Niesse.  
The school is aware of its stuffy rep and the need to hire some
people with a more unconventional style. There was concern that in
my case the work might be excessively repulsive but Hermann-Neisse  
was
able to assure them this was a non-issue. I will be teaching life
drawing. Life drawing is based on anatomy and there is not much
room for propaganda here. A bone is a bone. Also they need someone
of unimpeachable moral character. It was in this dept that my
predecessor fell short. This was Herr Frank. Herr Frank was young,
good looking and horny. (With Herr Frank a bone was a boner)


I like Dresden.

Ive had several shows there. Its boring but this can be a plus. I will
get more work done.

Also I need a break from Berlin--and this whole business with Martha
and Hans.

I have made my decision: I will take the job



Yesterday I started teaching.

I walked into class and there they were. I have 25 students. The first
thought to occur was that my reputation was good for 5 minutes. On
the face of each was the same expression. It said: do something!

I have done some preparation--notes for an outline. This I will save
for later. I must put them to work. This will keep them from thinking.

I deliver a short lecture.

I say: I have one point I want to make. There is no such thing as a
right or wrong way to draw. Children are wonderful artists. Why?  
Because they have no fear.  They just draw. They do it
because its fun.

And it should be fun for you. In fact I insist on this. Also: do not
concern yourself with the work of your fellow painters. This has
nothing to do with you. In painting as in bowling there will always be
someone better and worse. Never forget this. I would like to draw like
Picasso--or Reubens.  But I cant draw like Picasso or Reubens. So I
dont torture myself over this.

I forget it.

Am I clear about this? I am clear. We begin.


I am teaching.

I have taken a break from the painting to get this class rolling. We are
drawing anatomy.

I like teaching this subject. I love the great anatomical draftsmen:
Vesalius, Albinus, Cloquet, etc.

I have them from 8-12 every morning. I give them one 20 minute
break. They draw, draw, draw.

They draw and complain. They moan and groan, weep, whimper and
whine.

Otto--this is hard!

I laff. Yes--its hard!

I play music to get the juices flowing. One or twice a week I will take
an hour and show slides for inspiration. I show them Titian, Da Vinci,
Mantegna, Raphel, Reubens, Goya, Ingres, Courbet, Picasso etc.

I say to them: what is the one thing all these people have in common?

They look at me.

I say: They all did a lot of drawing.



This teaching business could be worse.

The school is beautiful. The property is huge. Its a pocket Versailles. It
was formerly the estate of some noble creature who pissed away the
family inheritance. There is a fabulous garden, tennis courts,
swimming pool, arboretum--the works.  There is a gym with a steam
room, a cinema, a cafeteria, etc. There is a fabulous art library. There
is a stable. Myself on a horse. I like this idea.

There is one problem with this job--meetings. There  are meetings,
meetings, meetings.

What do we meet about?

We meet about things like eating in class. We meet about chlorine
poisoning. Several of the students have complained about the chlorine
level in the pool. We meet about vine charcoal. There is a vine
charcoal crises. The price of vine charcoal has taken a huge jump. We
must be more sparing in our use of this item. Any piece of vine
charcoal exceeding 5cm in length still has some life in it and should not
be discarded.

These are lonely people. They are lonely or they are bored. I could be
painting a masterpiece.

My colleagues are a mixed bag. There is Herr von Stuck--the chairman
of the dept. Herr von Stuck is a painter.  His specialty is the nude. He
has been painting nudes for 45 years. If you paint one nude a week for
45 years it adds up to 2340 nudes. He has a show once a year or once
every two years and sells half a dozen
paintings.

I visited his studio one day--most of which serves as storage for
paintings. He said: Ive got too much product here.

There is Albert the ceramist. What is it about ceramists? They are
always happy. It has something to do with covering yourself with mud.

There is Wilma the photographer I would love to bang.

There is Tony. Tony is a sculptor. Sculptors are a strange breed. They
have one thought: space.

This guy is a character. He was born in Italy and raised in France. He
speaks 9 languages. He speaks: Italian, French, German, English,
Spanish, Serbo-Croatian, Polish and Russian. His German is flawless.

Every time I talk to him I get a different story. He is an actor and has
written some scripts. He was a model. He was the director of a funeral
parlor. After the funeral he would wait a week and then return with
the grave/diggers and unearth the corpse and remove it from the
coffin which they replaced with a wood box
and reburied the stiff and took the original coffin back to clean up and
return to inventory.

He is a magician. He does shows for kids. He does card tricks and the
exploding chicken routine. He says the kids go wild over this one.

I say: a live chicken--or a dead chicken?

He says: what would be the point of blowing up a dead chicken?

He is 29.

I say: Tony--you would have to be 73 to do half  these things.

But I like him.

He is a Nazi. I made the mistake of talking to him about Hitler. Asking
a Nazi about Hitler is like asking one of the apostles about Jesus
Christ. You cant shut them up. Its Hitler, Hitler, Hitler.

Hitler has recently been released from Jail.  He served 9 months. It
seems a light sentence for trying to overthrow the state. While doing
this time he was established in a private suite, was allowed unlimited
visiting privileges, during which he was provided with an endless
supply of  goodies in the form of food, clothes, books, office supplies,
etc. He had a cellmate, Rudolph
Hess, also convicted in the revolt, who served him as secretary while
he dictated a book.

Tony studied with Maillol. There are some great Maillol stories. At the
age of 80 he was still banging models--or trying to. He had a nag of a
wife constantly trying to thwart him in this activity.

This is a theme that has always interested me: the old man banging
the young woman. There are several theories about this. Some claim
it is a way of cheating death. I say it is pussy.

Tony runs things down for me--who to avoid and who to butter up. I
am reminded of something Mother Ey once said: you have to make
the right enemies.

There are three sins: banging students, losing students, coming to
school drunk.

The major sin is losing students.  Keep the students happy and you will
be forgiven many indiscretions.

The student banging issue is ambiguous. Tonys wife is a former
student. But she wasnt his student. You cant bang your own student.
They must be out of your class first

I think I have it. I decide not to bang anybody.



I am teaching.

The student/teacher relationship is interesting. Its an
intimate relationship. Basically they are children. There is a look they
get you only see one other time--when someone is in love with you. It
is a look of trust and intense pleasure.

I have some good students. There is some talent here. But mostly its
the usual. It is the fear of making mistakes.  They are too timid. I am
determined to overcome this behaviour. I am relentless on this issue.
I say it over and over. I hammer at them:  there is no such thing as a
mistake. Failure is a word that doesnt concern you at this point. This
isnt brain surgery. I want you to make mistakes. This is why you are
here.  Its how you learn. You make a drawing and if it sucks you throw
it out and start over. If that one sucks you throw it out and do
another. Etc, etc. The important thing is to produce work that has life
to it.  How this is done I dont care. Draw with your left hand.  Thats
right. In fact we will do this now. Remember when I said: a mistake
executed with authority will always look good?  Remember when I
said: stop thinking. You/re still doing this. You/re thinking too much!
Just draw!

Now I am rolling. I have worked myself into a fury.
I scream and screech and storm and shout and rant and rave.

They give me these funny looks. They say: Otto--dont be mad.

IM NOT MAD!








*for previous installments and an intro to the book go to:
archives/dix
archives
*installment 8: dix in the classroom
1925-1928


This was a productive period for Dix. He moved to a
larger studio.  Here he painted an important work--a
war triptych. The following year--1926-- he had a one
man show with Mother Ey. His work came to the
attention of a critic named Karl Kraus who wrote for
Die Sturm--the most influential of all the magazines of
this period.

Kraus had started out as a painter. His subject of
choice was the young nude 14 years of age.  In 1920
he was arrested and tried on  a morals charge.  He
was convicted and served 7 months.

It was Kraus who coined the term
Neue
Sachlickei
t--the New Objectivity. Dix was a prominent
member of this group which also included Christian
Schad, Georg Schrimpf, George Grosz.

There were 2 ways by which a painting in the
Neue
Sachlickeit
style could be identified. A scrupulous and
obsessive attention to detail. No attempt was made on
the part of the painter to provide a point of view.  There
was no point of view. The point of view was provided
by the viewer. The French poet Verlaine had said: all
art is propaganda. The
Neue Sachlickeit painters took
exception to this statement.

Dix personal life had its ups and downs. He entered
into an affair with Martha Koch. Martha Koch had
mixed feelings about this situation. She and Koch had
two children. Hans Koch was no  help. He was
indecisive. He continued to see the sister/in/law. By
the end of 1927 nothing had been resolved.

Politically the Nazis continued to make strides. Hitler
was out of jail and had resumed leadership. Being
convicted of treason had not dimmed his appeal--it
added to it. He had written an autobiography--Mein
Kampf--which was enjoying a huge success .

There was some new blood. Goring joined up in 1924.
Next to Hitler it is Goring who stands out as the most
interesting of the early party memebers. There were
many sides to the character of Goring. He was a war
hero. He was a fighter pilot in the first world war and
received Germanys highest military honor--the pour le
merite.

He was a social animal. He had great gifts in this dept.
The Nazis were not known for being free spirits.
Goring was different. He enjoyed himself.  He had
charm. He was funny.  He liked people. He was a ham.

He resembled Hitler in one way: he was a con man.
Hitler was the con man of con men and Goring was
not far behind.

Following the war he did a little barnstorming here and
here flying stunts and then tied on as a salesman for
an aviation parts supply co.

He married a Swedish woman--an aristocrat. Goring
had many gifts but the one that most stood out was a
taste for good living. His wifes family had good
business connections in Sweden and Germany and
he wasted little time exploiting these contacts.

Hitler was able to put all this to good use.  What the
party was in desperate need of most at this time was
money. Goring was put in charge of this dept.
next month: meeting picasso